What Diseases Can Cause Hair Loss?

Hair loss, also known as alopecia, can be caused by a variety of factors, including genetics, stress, and lifestyle choices. However, certain diseases can also lead to significant hair loss. Understanding these diseases can help individuals recognize the signs and seek appropriate medical treatment. In this article, we will explore some of the most common diseases that can cause hair loss.

1. Thyroid Disorders

Thyroid disorders, such as hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism, can disrupt the normal functioning of the thyroid gland, leading to hair loss. Hyperthyroidism occurs when the thyroid gland produces too much thyroid hormone, while hypothyroidism is characterized by an underactive thyroid gland. Both conditions can cause hair to thin and fall out, often starting at the temples and crown of the head.

2. Autoimmune Diseases

Autoimmune diseases, such as alopecia areata, lupus, and rheumatoid arthritis, can cause hair loss by attacking the hair follicles. Alopecia areata is a condition where the immune system mistakenly attacks hair follicles, leading to patchy hair loss. Lupus is a chronic autoimmune disease that can cause hair loss, along with other symptoms such as joint pain and fatigue. Rheumatoid arthritis can also affect hair growth, leading to hair loss in some individuals.

3. Anemia

Anemia, a condition where the body lacks enough healthy red blood cells to carry oxygen to the tissues, can cause hair loss. Iron deficiency, a common cause of anemia, can lead to hair thinning and shedding. Other types of anemia, such as vitamin deficiencies and hemolytic anemia, can also contribute to hair loss.

4. Ringworm

Ringworm, a fungal infection that affects the scalp, can cause hair loss. This condition is characterized by red, circular patches on the scalp, which may be accompanied by scaling and inflammation. The hair in the affected area may become brittle and fall out, leading to noticeable hair loss.

5. Cancer Treatments

Cancer treatments, such as chemotherapy and radiation therapy, can cause significant hair loss. Chemotherapy targets rapidly dividing cells, including hair follicles, leading to hair thinning or complete loss. Radiation therapy can also damage hair follicles, causing hair loss in the treated area.

6. Psoriasis

Psoriasis, a chronic autoimmune disease that causes skin inflammation and scaling, can also lead to hair loss. Scalp psoriasis, in particular, can cause inflammation and scaling of the scalp, leading to hair loss. The condition can be particularly distressing for individuals who have noticeable plaques on their scalp.

In conclusion, hair loss can be a symptom of various diseases, ranging from thyroid disorders to autoimmune conditions and cancer treatments. Recognizing the signs of hair loss and seeking medical attention can help identify the underlying cause and receive appropriate treatment. If you are experiencing hair loss, it is essential to consult with a healthcare professional to determine the root cause and explore suitable treatment options.